SpringSecurity
安全简介
市面上存在比较有名的安全框架：Shiro，Spring Security ！
Spring Security官网地址：https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.4.2/reference/html5/
Spring Security是一个功能强大且高度可定制的身份验证和访问控制框架。它实际上是保护基于spring的应用程序的标准。
Spring Security是一个框架，侧重于为Java应用程序提供身份验证和授权。与所有Spring项目一样，Spring安全性的真正强大之处在于它可以轻松地扩展以满足定制需求。
实验环境搭建
1、新建一个初始的springboot项目web模块，thymeleaf模块
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.thymeleaf.extras/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>2、关闭模版引擎
# 关闭模版引擎缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false3、导入静态资源
index.html
|views
|level1
1.html
2.html
3.html
|level2
1.html
2.html
3.html
|level3
1.html
2.html
3.html
Login.htmlindex.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>首页</title>
<!--semantic-ui-->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link th:href="@{/static/allen/css/allenstyle.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">
<div class="ui segment" id="index-header-nav" th:fragment="nav-menu">
<div class="ui secondary menu">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/index}">首页</a>
<!--登录注销-->
<div class="right menu">
<!--未登录-->
<div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
<!--未登录-->
<a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
<i class="address card icon"></i> 登录
</a>
</div>
<!-- -->
<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item">
用户名： <span sec:authentication="name"></span>
角色： <span sec:authentication="authorities"></span>
</a>
</div>
<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
<i class="sign-out icon"></i> 注销
</a>
</div>
<!--已登录
<a th:href="@{/usr/toUserCenter}">
<i class="address card icon"></i> admin
</a>
-->
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
<h3>Spring Security Study by allen</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br>
<!--菜单根据用户角色动态实现-->
<div class="ui three column stackable grid">
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 1</h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-1</a></div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-2</a></div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-3</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 2</h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-1</a></div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-2</a></div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-3</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 3</h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-1</a></div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-2</a></div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-3</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script th:src="@{/static/allen/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/static/allen/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>
</body>
</html>login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>登录</title>
<!--semantic-ui-->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">
<div class="ui segment">
<div style="text-align: center">
<h1 class="header">登录</h1>
</div>
<div class="ui placeholder segment">
<div class="ui column very relaxed stackable grid">
<div class="column">
<div class="ui form">
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
<div class="field">
<label>Username</label>
<div class="ui left icon input">
<input type="text" placeholder="Username" name="username">
<i class="user icon"></i>
</div>
</div>
<div class="field">
<label>Password</label>
<div class="ui left icon input">
<input type="password" name="password">
<i class="lock icon"></i>
</div>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="remember">记住我
</div>
<input type="submit" class="ui blue submit button"/>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center">
<div class="ui label">
</i>注册
</div>
<br><br>
<small>hlgao666.github.io</small>
</div>
<div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
<h3>Spring Security Study by allen</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script th:src="@{/static/allen/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/static/allen/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>
</body>
</html>4、controller跳转！
package com.allen.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* @author Allen
* @date 2020/12/27 16:06
*/
@Controller
public class RouterController {
@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String toLogin(){
return "views/login";
}
@RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
public String level1(@PathVariable("id") int id){
return "views/level1/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
public String level2(@PathVariable("id") int id){
return "views/level2/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
public String level3(@PathVariable("id") int id){
return "views/level3/"+id;
}
}5、测试实验环境是否OK！
认识SpringSecurity
记住几个类：
- WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter：自定义Security策略
- AuthenticationManagerBuilder：自定义认证策略
- @EnableWebSecurity：开启WebSecurity模式
Spring Security的两个主要目标是 “认证” 和 “授权”（访问控制）。
“认证”（Authentication）
身份验证是关于验证您的凭据，如用户名/用户ID和密码，以验证您的身份。
身份验证通常通过用户名和密码完成，有时与身份验证因素结合使用。
“授权” （Authorization）
授权发生在系统成功验证您的身份后，最终会授予您访问资源（如信息，文件，数据库，资金，位置，几乎任何内容）的完全权限。
这个概念是通用的，而不是只在Spring Security 中存在。
认证和授权
目前，我们的测试环境，是谁都可以访问的，我们使用 Spring Security 增加上认证和授权的功能
1、引入 Spring Security 模块
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>2、编写 Spring Security 配置类
参考官网：https://spring.io/projects/spring-security
查看我们自己项目中的版本，找到对应的帮助文档：
3、编写基础配置类(认证、授权、权限控制、注销和记住我)
package com.allen.config;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder;
/**
* @author Allen
* @date 2020/12/27 16:28
*/
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
//链式编程,责任链模式
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页均可访问，功能页有权限可访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
//没有权限会跳到登录界面
http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin").usernameParameter("username")
.passwordParameter("password").loginProcessingUrl("/login");
//注销
http.csrf().disable(); //关闭 csrf，登出失败可能原因
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
//记住我
http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
}
//认证
//密码编码：PasswordEncoder
//这些数据应该从数据库读，但是内存比较快
//要将前端传过来的密码进行某种方式加密，否则就无法使用自定义的密码如： 123456 登录 new Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder().encode("123")
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder())
.withUser("allen").password(new Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder().encode("123")).roles("vip2","vip3")
.and()
.withUser("root").password(new Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder().encode("123")).roles("vip1","vip2","vip3")
.and()
.withUser("guest").password(new Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder().encode("123")).roles("vip1");
}
}
